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--- DEFINITIONS ---
BIPOD - BREECHBLOCK
BIPOD
A two legged support of usual attachment to gun barrel and used as an accuracy
tool for long range targets and/or steadiness in sustained firing.
BLOWBACK ACTION
An automatic weapon which functions through the reloading cycle from use of
discharge gas pressures acting directly on the fired cartridge and against the
bolt retracting assembly for movement.
BLOW FORWARD ACTION
With the bolt in stationary position, the barrel moves forward from expanding
gases to open the action and eject the expended cartridge case. As the barrel
returns to battery, a live cartridge is loaded into the breech and ready for
discharge.
BOLT [BREECH]
This term refers to the part in most automatic weapons which supports the
cartridge case for injection, discharge and extraction from the barrel chamber.
Containing the firing pin it moves horizontally to assist other moves in the
functioning cycle. Sometimes referred to as a breech bolt it may be confused
with the description of the term Breech Block.
The part of the firing mechanism located in the receiver, which holds the bolt
in place and prevents movement during the moment of cartridge ignition. The lock
positioned in slots in the receiver travels vertically and is controlled by
motion of the gas actuator assembly. It is a feature of the Japanese Type 96 and
Type 99 series of automatic weapons. Its end function is similar in results to
the rotating type of locking system as found in the Lewis Machine Guns design.
BOLT LOCKING LUG[S]
Projections on the front or rear of bolt that cam into corresponding grooves in
the barrel extension or frame to lock the bolt in battery position ready for
cartridge discharge. The purpose is to hold the bolt in a steadfast and locked
position during high gas pressures from cartridge discharge.
BREECH
The rear end of the barrel chamber where cartridge is inserted.
BREECHBLOCK
Similar to a bolt in function it supports the cartridge case in movement and may
travel in any direction by pivoting or sliding perpendicular to the barrel bore
axis. The most commonly known weapon utilizing the breech block system is the
Vickers/Maxim family of automatic weapons.